What is Periodontics? The different types of periodontal diseases

The field of periodontics dentistry specializes in the diagnosis and treatment affecting your gums and the jawbone. Gum disease or gingivitis is the early stage of periodontitis. When gingivitis worsens, the teeth may loosen or even fall out, and you can call it periodontitis. Periodontal disease is one of the major dental issues that affects adults.  

As per a recent report by the CDC (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention), 47.2% of adults aged 30 years have periodontal disease. Therefore, It calls for early diagnoses, treatment, and prevention of periodontal diseases. 


In this blog, let's explore the importance of periodontics, common periodontal diseases, and their treatment options.



Understanding Periodontics


Periodontics plays a vital role in preserving oral health and preventing tooth loss. It primarily deals with the tissues supporting the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligaments, cementum, and alveolar bone. If periodontal disease is left untreated, it can impact the stability and health of teeth. So, it is recommended to seek professional advice from a dentist with expertise in periodontics.         



The Importance of Periodontics

Dr. Sam Wise (DDS, MOM, MSc, and MDS), who has been caring for patients with periodontal diseases, explains the crucial role of periodontics while considering oral health issues.


Periodontics help prevent and treat gum diseases such as gum inflammation, gum bleeding, and tooth loss due to periodontitis. A periodontist can help detect and address potential gum diseases and restore your oral health before it worsens. 


Several studies show an association between gum disease and other critical health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and even adverse pregnancy outcomes. Regular visits to a periodontist can reduce the risk of developing these health conditions, says Dr. Sam Wise. 



What are the Different Types of Periodontal Diseases?


There are several types of periodontal diseases, ranging from mild to severe. Some of the most common types of periodontal diseases include:


Gingivitis

It is the mildest form of periodontal disease. The characteristics of gingivitis include inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup. The symptoms are red, swollen, and painful gums. Also, one may face bleeding during brushing or flossing.


Chronic Periodontitis

In chronic periodontitis, the gum inflammation spreads to the surrounding tissues and bone supporting the teeth. Over time, the gums may recede, and the bone may be damaged, resulting in tooth loss. The symptoms of chronic periodontitis include swollen gums, gum recession, and tooth mobility. 


Aggressive Periodontitis

It is a more severe form of periodontal disease and typically affects younger individuals. When there is a rapid progression of gum tissue damage and bone loss, it is called aggressive periodontitis. The symptoms include bad breath, swollen gums, gum bleeding, and tooth loss. 


Periodontitis Resulting in Systemic Health Conditions

Health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and immunodeficiencies, can increase the risk of developing periodontal disease. In these cases, periodontal disease may have more severe symptoms and progress rapidly. 


Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases

This type of periodontal disease often affects individuals with HIV/AIDS or malnutrition. The gum tissue gets damaged entirely and becomes prone to infection. The symptoms of necrotizing periodontal diseases include gum ulcers, bad breath, and extremely painful gums. Periodontists say smoking and stress can increase the risk of necrotizing periodontal diseases.  



How to Prevent and Treat Periodontal Diseases?

Periodontal treatments aim to control and manage the progression of gum diseases, prevent further damage, and restore oral health. Some of the most common treatment options in periodontics include scaling and root planning, periodontal surgery, and dental implants. These treatment options depend on the severity of the periodontal condition a patient may have. 


These treatment options promote gum healing, regeneration of damaged gum tissues and bone, and restoration of teeth functions. 



Preventive Measures for Periodontal Diseases by Dr. Sam Wise

Prevention is the key to maintaining optimal periodontal health. So, here we bring you some essential preventive measures to keep your gums healthy. 


  1. Maintain your oral hygiene by brushing your teeth twice a day. Don't forget to floss daily to remove plaque between teeth and surrounding the gum line. 


  1. Visit your dentist regularly for professional cleanings. Consider comprehensive oral examinations for early detection of gum disease to prevent its progression. 


  1. Adopt healthy lifestyle choices such as a balanced diet, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. 


  1. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption, as they increase the risk of gum disease.



About Dr. Sam Wise


Dr. Sam Wise (DDS, MOM, MSc, and MDS) is a well-known and trusted Periodontics doctor in Texas, United States. He offers a wide range of periodontal treatments to help patients manage periodontal conditions. He has received his training from the most prestigious international dental schools in Germany and the USA. Book your dental visit with Dr. Wise to maintain optimal oral health. 





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